{"id":157,"date":"2011-09-13T17:45:27","date_gmt":"2011-09-13T17:45:27","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.patternliteracy.com\/?page_id=157"},"modified":"2019-08-23T16:25:32","modified_gmt":"2019-08-23T16:25:32","slug":"ethics-and-principles","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/tobyhemenway.com\/resources\/ethics-and-principles\/","title":{"rendered":"Permaculture Ethics & Principles"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ethics:<\/h3>\n
    \n
  1. Care for the Earth<\/li>\n
  2. Care for People<\/li>\n
  3. Return the Surplus<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Primary Principles for Functional Design:<\/h3>\n
      \n
    1. Observe. <\/strong>Use protracted and thoughtful observation rather than prolonged and thoughtless action. Observe the site and its elements in all seasons. Design for specific sites, clients, and cultures.<\/li>\n
    2. Connect.<\/strong> Use relative location: Place elements in ways that create useful relationships and time-saving connections among all parts. The number of connections among elements creates a healthy, diverse ecosystem, not the number of elements.<\/li>\n
    3. Catch and store energy and materials.<\/strong> Identify, collect, and hold useful flows. Every cycle is an opportunity for yield, every gradient (in slope, charge, heat, etc.) can produce energy. Re-investing resources builds capacity to capture yet more resources.<\/li>\n
    4. Each element performs multiple functions.<\/strong> Choose and place each element in a system to perform as many functions as possible. Beneficial connections between diverse components create a stable whole. Stack elements in both space and time.<\/li>\n
    5. Each function is supported by multiple elements.<\/strong> Use multiple methods to achieve important functions and to create synergies. Redundancy protects when one or more elements fail.<\/li>\n
    6. Make the least change for the greatest effect.<\/strong> Find the \u201cleverage points\u201d in the system and intervene there, where the least work accomplishes the most change.<\/li>\n
    7. Use small scale, intensive systems.<\/strong> Start at your doorstep with the smallest systems that will do the job, and build on your successes, with variations. Grow by chunking.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      Principles for Living and Energy Systems<\/h3>\n
        \n
      1. Optimize edge.<\/strong> The edge\u2014the intersection of two environments\u2014is the most diverse place in a system, and is where energy and materials accumulate or are transformed. Increase or decrease edge as appropriate.<\/li>\n
      2. Collaborate with succession.<\/strong> Systems will evolve over time, often toward greater diversity and productivity. Work with this tendency, and use design to jump-start succession when needed.<\/li>\n
      3. Use biological and renewable resources.<\/strong> Renewable resources (usually living beings and their products) reproduce and build up over time, store energy, assist yield, and interact with other elements.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

        Attitudes<\/h3>\n
          \n
        1. Turn problems into solutions.<\/strong> Constraints can inspire creative design. \u201cWe are confronted by insurmountable opportunities.\u201d\u2014Pogo (Walt Kelly)<\/li>\n
        2. Get a yield.<\/strong> Design for both immediate and long-term returns from your efforts: \u201cYou can\u2019t work on an empty stomach.\u201d Set up positive feedback loops to build the system and repay your investment.<\/li>\n
        3. The biggest limit to abundance is creativity.<\/strong> The designer\u2019s imagination and skill limit productivity and diversity more than any physical limit.<\/li>\n
        4. Mistakes are tools for learning.<\/strong> Evaluate your trials. Making mistakes is a sign you\u2019re trying to do things better.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

          Rules for resource use: <\/strong><\/h3>\n

          Ranked from regenerative to degenerative, different resources can:<\/strong><\/p>\n

            \n
          1. increase with use;<\/li>\n
          2. be lost when not used;<\/li>\n
          3. be unaffected by use;<\/li>\n
          4. be lost by use;<\/li>\n
          5. pollute or degrade systems with use.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

            Ethics: Care for the Earth Care for People Return the Surplus Primary Principles for Functional Design: Observe. Use protracted and thoughtful observation rather than prolonged and thoughtless action. Observe the site and its elements in all seasons. Design for specific sites, clients, and cultures. Connect. 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